Chapter 10: Appendix_ 187
This practice reduces erosion by having perennial vegetation on an area of the
Field borders serve as "anchoring points" for contour
terraces, di-
versions, and contour strip cropping. By elimination of the practice of tilling and
planting the ends up and down slopes, erosion from concentrated flow in furrows
of sediment and
and long rows may be reduced. This use may reduce the
related pollutants transported to the
waters.
Filter Strip (393): A strip or area of vegetation for removing sediment, organic
matter, and other pollutants from runoff and wastewater
Filter
for sediment and related pollutants meeting
requirements
may trap the coarser
sediment. They may not jilter out soluble or
a storm causes runoff
in
sign the filter may be flooded and may cause large loads of pollutants to
be released to the
water. This type
requires high maintenance
and has a
short service life and is effective only as
the
through the filter is
Filter strips for runoffform
livestock areas may trap organic mate-
rial, solids, materials which become adsorbed to the vegetation or the soil within
the filter.
they will
out soluble materials. This type
is
often wet and is
to maintain.
Filter
s t r i p s f overlando n t rtreatmend of
or c
oll t
wastes may
out pollutants. The filter
including the proper resting time. Filter strips on forest land
This may improve the quality of surface water and has little
may
reduce
erosion on the area on
w
sheet flow t h r o the f h l t e r .
ug i
Coarse-graimederials more efficiently
n at
and soluble substances. Filter strips work for design conditions, but
or overloaded they may release a slug load of pollutants into the
water:
Floodwater Diversion (400): A graded channel with a supporting embankment
or dike on the lower side constructed on lowland subject to flood damage.
Forest Land Erosion Control System (408): Application of one or more ero-
sion control measures on forest land. Erosion control system includes the use of
conservation plants, cultural practices, and erosion control structures on dis-
turbed forest land for the control of sheet and
erosion, gully formation, and
mass soil movement.
Grade Stabilization Structure (410): A structure used to control the grade and
head cutting in natural or artificial channels.
reduced stream velocities
upstream and
from the struc-
ture, streambank and streambed erosion will be reduced. This will decrease the
of sediment and sediment-attached substances. Structures that trap sedi-
ment
improve downstream water quality The sediment
change will be a
function of the sediment yield to the structure, reservoir trap
and of
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